North Dakota Divorce Law Residency Requirements for Divorce in North Dakota

The spouse filing for divorce must be a resident of North Dakota for at least 6 months prior to the entry of the final divorce. If the defendant is a resident of North Dakota, the divorce must be filed in the county where the defendant resides. If the defendant is not a resident, the divorce may be filed for in any county that the plaintiff designates in the complaint.
[North Dakota Century Code; Volume 3A, Chapters 14-05-17 and 28-04-05].
Legal Grounds for Divorce in North Dakota

  1. No Fault Divorce: Irreconcilable differences.
    [North Dakota Century Code; Volume 3A, Chapter 14-05-03].
  2. General Divorce:
    1. Adultery
    2. Confinement for incurable insanity for a period of 5 years
    3. Conviction of a felony
    4. Willful desertion
    5. Cruel and inhuman treatment
    6. Willful neglect
    7. Habitual intemperance
    [North Dakota Century Code; Volume 3A, Chapter 14-05-03]

Legal Separation in North Dakota
The grounds for legal separation (separation from bed and board) in North Dakota are:

1. Irreconcilable differences
2. Adultery
3. Confinement for incurable insanity for a period of 5 years
4. Conviction of a felony
5. Willful desertion
6. Cruel and inhuman treatment
7. Willful neglect
8. Habitual intemperance

The spouse filing for legal separation must be a resident of North Dakota for at least 6 months prior to the entry of the legal separation.
[North Dakota Century Code; Volume 3A, Chapters 14-06-01 and 14-06-06].

Simplified/Special Divorce Procedures in North Dakota
Separation agreements are specifically authorized by statute.
[North Dakota Century Code; Volume 3A, Chapter 14-07-07].

Divorce Mediation or Counseling Requirements
In an action for divorce or legal separation where child support or child custody is an issue, the court may order the parents to submit to mediation, unless there has been physical or sexual abuse of a spouse or child.
[North Dakota Century Code; Volume 3A, Chapter 14-09.1-02].

Divorce Property Distribution
North Dakota is an "equitable distribution" state. All of the spouse's property, including gifts, inheritances, and any acquired prior to the marriage, will be equitably distributed as the court feels is just and proper. There are no factors for consideration specified in the statute.
[North Dakota Century Code; Volume 3A, Chapter 14-05-24].

Alimony and Spousal Support
Either spouse may be required to make allowances for the support of the other spouse for his or her entire life or a shorter period. All of the circumstances of the situation, including any marital fault, may be considered. There are no other specific factors for consideration set out in the statute. Support payments may be required to be made through the clerk of the court.
[North Dakota Century Code; Volume 3A, Chapter 14-05-24].

Spouse's Name After Divorce
Upon request, a wife's former or maiden name may be restored.
[North Dakota Case Law].

Child Custody After Divorce
Child custody is awarded according to the best interests and welfare of the child, and based on the following factors:

1. Moral fitness of the parents
2. Capability and desire of each parent to meet the child's needs incuding food, clothing, medical care, and other material needs
3. Preference of the child, if the child is of sufficient age and capacity
4. The love and affection existing between the child and each parent
5. The length of time the child has lived in a stable, satisfactory environment and the desirability of maintaining continuity
6. The child's adjustment to his or her home, school, and community
7. The mental and physical health of all individuals involved
8. The stability of the home environment likely to be offered by each parent
9. The child's interaction with anyone who resides with a parent, including such person's history of violence of any type
10. Any spouse or child abuse, sexual abuse, or history of domestic violence or violence of any type
11. The capacity and disposition of the parents to give the child love, affection, guidance, and continue the child's education
12. The permanence, as a family unit, of the proposed or existing custodial home
13. The making of any false accusations by 1 parent against the other
14. Any other factors

Any evidence of child or spouse abuse or domestic violence creates a presumption that custody or visitation with that parent would not be in the best interests of the child. If there is any evidence of sexual abuse of a child, the court is required to prohibit any visitation or contact with that parent unless the parent has completed counseling and the court determines that supervised visitation is in the best interests of the child. Both parents are considered to be equally entitled to custody of a child.
[North Dakota Century Code; Volume 3A, Chapters 14-05-22, 14-09-06, 14-09-06.1, and 14-09-06.2].

Child Support After Divorce
Either parent may be ordered to pay child support. The amount awarded will be based on a consideration of the following factors:

1. The net income of the parents
2. The other resources available to the parents
3. Any circumstances that might be considered in reducing the amount of support on the basis of hardship

There are specific child support guidelines that the court will consider which have been prepared by the North Dakota Department of Human Services. Child support payments are required to be paid through the state disbursement office. The court can order child support payments be guaranteed by wage assignments and wage withholding orders. All child support orders will be reviewed every 3 years, unless neither parent requests such a review.
[North Dakota Century Code; Volume 3A, Chapters 14-08-07, 14-09-08, 14-09-08.1, 14-09-08.4, 14-09-09.1, 14-09-09.2, and 14-09-09.7]


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Resource Article:
 
Custody/Access Dispute and Choice of Lawyers

By Gary Direnfeld, MSW, RSW

 

Custody/Access Dispute and Choice of Lawyers

 

It is easy to ratchet up the conflict between separated parents: Send them to litigious lawyers who will tell each respective parent they can win his or her position. Then for added measure, have each lawyer advise their respective parent to obtain as much information as possible that will reflect poorly on the other while at the same time documenting as much positive information about oneself. Put all this information into writing and conclude with a statement indicating how all the aforementioned supports his or her own position otherwise known as, “the children are better off with me and the other parent should be stripped of parental rights”. In short order you will have two very disgruntled parents who hate each other with children stuck in the middle, looking shell-shocked from the parental conflict.

 

To make matters worse, rather than seeing the above dynamic as the source of increased conflict, have the lawyers step back in favour of each parent documenting the other’s moves and behaviours so that they can be negatively interpreted and held against them. In little time, the parental conflict will have taken on a life of its own to which an assessor can then be introduced. Whichever lawyer is most dissatisfied with the outcome of the assessment can then initiate an attack on the assessor to undermine the assessor’s credibility with the courts. So rather than ever settling, the nature, depth and breadth of the attack can escalate, keeping a resolution at bay seemingly forever. The children get to languish indefinitely, often deteriorating themselves, socially academically and behaviourally. But that can always be blamed on the other parent!

 

Alternately, conflict between separated parents can be managed in favour of achieving a negotiated settlement. Rather than a litigious disposition where the lawyers encourage undermining the integrity and position of the other parent, they can work towards identifying issues and developing solutions to maintain or improve relationships and parental functioning. In the long run, they can help their respective client appreciate how two well-intentioned and healthy parents can better provide for the long-term interests and needs of their children. They needn’t shy away from contentious issues, but address them not with the intention of limiting parental involvement or authority, but with the intention of improving parental well-being and hence care and well-being of the children.

 

As the lawyers reach impasses, they can bring in a social worker or other support, not with a view to determining illness, but with the view of facilitating education on matters related to the well-being of children between separated parents. If mental health issues are apparent, referral to treatment facilities or agencies can be facilitated. The social worker can also meet with the children to ascertain their concerns and facilitate their adjustment to the parental separation. Throughout, the social worker can also help parents make much needed adjustments to their new circumstance. In the end, children can feel supported by both parents who may be apt to act more reasonably and supportive of each other and hence minimize concern or anxiety on the part of the children. They in turn will be better able to concentrate and manage their tasks, such as school.

 

While presented above as one way or the other, it is clear that some custody and access disputes intensify over time whereas others settle more easily.

 

The eye on the prize is the well-being of the children. While some parents’ behaviour or bona fide problems are of concern, many can be dealt with in ways that can lead to healthier conclusions. Parents are advised to be cautious that the legal process isn’t the toxic event intensifying problems. Choose your lawyer wisely and choose how it goes.

 

Divorce Terms:

Legal Custody. See Custody--Legal

Legal Ethics. See Ethics; Legal Ethics

Legal Separation; Separate Support; Separate Maintenance. Available in some states, a legal separation is similar to a divorce, except no divorce judgment is granted that ends the marriage.

In response to a complaint for legal separation or separate support, the court may provide remedies relating to property (in some states) and support. Generally, a complaint for divorce or annulment is necessary before a court orders a final property division. Also called judicial separation.

Lien; Spousal Lien on Marital Property. See Attachment

Disclaimer:
This website is not intended to give legal advice or service.
It is an informational website and should only be used as such.
For legal issues seek a competent legal counsel or advisor. A man that represents himself has a fool for a client.



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